What is the function of a buffer in a theory of constraints system?

In a Theory of Constraints (TOC) system, a buffer plays a critical role in protecting the critical chain, which is the sequence of dependent tasks that determines the throughput of the entire process. The primary function of a buffer is to ensure that the critical chain has a sufficient amount of work available to keep it constantly engaged and productive. By absorbing variability in processing times and preventing disruptions from upstream activities, the buffer allows the critical chain to maintain its optimal flow.

This protective capability means that even if there are delays or idle times in non-critical areas, the critical chain can continue to operate without interruption. Essentially, it serves as a safeguard that helps to stabilize the production schedule, ensuring that resources and capacity are used efficiently to meet overall production goals.

Understanding the role of buffers is essential for managing constraints effectively, as they help balance production and minimize downtime, ultimately enhancing the system's performance.