What does a Gage RandR study measure?

A Gage R&R (Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility) study measures the amount of variation in measurements that can be attributed to the measurement system itself. This type of study is essential in understanding how much of the variability in data collected can be linked directly to the measurement process, which includes both the equipment used (repeatability) and the differences among operators (reproducibility).

In a Gage R&R study, the focus is on identifying whether the measurement system is reliable and capable of providing consistent results. If the variation caused by the measurement system is significant compared to the inherent variation in the process being measured, it suggests that the measurement system may not be adequate for making quality decisions.

The other options, while relevant to different aspects of measurement and performance, do not encapsulate the primary purpose of a Gage R&R study. The accuracy of numerical data pertains more to data quality, employee performance variability relates to assessing worker productivity or effectiveness rather than the measurement process, and bias of operators involves a different aspect of data collection but does not fully characterize the measurement system's variability itself as Gage R&R does.