Benefits from reducing variation in a process include improved process capability, decreased costs, and which of the following?

Reducing variation in a process leads to improved consistency and predictability in outcomes, which directly impacts the quality of the products or services being produced. This is where the concept of Defects per Million Opportunities (DPMO) comes into play.

When variation is minimized, the likelihood of defects occurring is also reduced. This means that for every million opportunities to produce a defect, there will be fewer defects reported. Lowering DPMO indicates that a process is more reliable and produces higher quality outputs. In turn, this contributes to customer satisfaction, loyalty, and overall improved performance of the organization.

The other choices relate to important aspects of business improvement, but they do not specifically illustrate the quantifiable impact of reduced variation on process quality like DPMO does. Customer requirements may shift, changes in company culture may occur, or project charters may need revisions due to various influences, but these factors do not directly reflect the benefits gained from reducing process variation in the same way that a reduction in DPMO does.